Seemed more like he left control to "gluttony". Whatever that means.
Since he will obviously not be dead and thus wasn't hit, I don't know why his consciousness would fade away otherwise or why he get marks on his face after screaming "Gluttony - AWAKEN!"
So... probably both, he ate the sword and ate "himself". Maybe he actually got hit but since Gluttony is in control now, his spirit points are back to 100% since it's a different "being"
If it's some kind of "enrage", we might actually see him going on a rampage and kill both Hinata and the knights, depending on how it will play out.
Though I doubt it because even if he lost control, I don't see his berserker self returning to Tempest just like that.
He didn't really hesitate when he ate/killed all these orcs back then, right? Maybe he won't really hesitate killing these humans that destroyed his town either.
Not sure if this is like Overlord, where MC gets more and more "evil" along the way or rather if he is under some kind of invisible "game-mechanic like" influence that makes him sympathise with monsters way more than with his actual race.